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Unit 20
Single-Camera movement
The single-camera setup, or single-camera mode of production, is a method of filmmaking and video production. A single camera—either motion picture camera or professional video camera—is employed on the set and each shot to make up a scene is taken individually. https://ultimatepopculture.fandom.com/wiki/Single-camera_setup
Negatives :
A disadvantage of using single-camera production is that you'll be spending a lot more time in the editing room. Because all of the film will be from one camera, all of your outtakes and mistakes will be have to be sorted out over time, as opposed to a multi-camera approach, where you can edit certain sequences, angles and scenes based on the camera that was shooting. More time in the editing room also means more time to add sound effects, transitions, music and other post-production processes. - https://www.ehow.co.uk/list_6144595_disadvantages-single_camera-production.html
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what are the benefits and limitations of single - camera techniques :
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Benefits :
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Cinematic. Controlled. Clean. Single cam shooting is most often used for commercials, promotional videos, training lessons and other similar media. When a person thinks of a movie rather than a television sitcom, they are usually comparing single cam with multi-cam. In a single cam setup, one (or occasionally two) cameras are positioned for each scene, but they are not installed permanently within the environment. Single cameras often move during shooting, with the use of dollies and tracking devices, and provide a more cinematic feel to the resulting video. Movies, dramatic television shows, commercials and music videos almost always use single camera shooting rather than multi-cam shooting. - https://dmakproductions.com/blog/utilizing-single-camera-versus-multi-cam-in-your-video-production/
What is a multi-camera production :
Multi-camera refers to any process of filming where more than one camera is used to record footage. The technique, first used in a Russian historical film called 'Defence of Sevastopol', is now more commonly employed in Live TV, to allow the editor or director to cut between cameras at their discretion - https://www.slinkyproductions.co.uk/spotlight-on-multi-camera-filming/
Benefits:
A better viewer experience
Multi-camera filming makes for much more engaging and enjoyable viewing than relying on a single camera, shooting statically from one angle. Additional camera angles allow you to cut from a wide shot to a close up, which not only helps stop a scene from dragging on, but also adds depth to your story.
Limitations :
Multi-camera filming makes for much more engaging and enjoyable viewing than relying on a single camera, shooting statically from one angle. Additional camera angles allow you to cut from a wide shot to a close up, which not only helps stop a scene from dragging on, but also adds depth to your story -
https://www.timecodesystems.com/why-shoot-multicamera/
Documentary :
cameras used for documentaries are typically multi-camera production because they need to film different angles of the same event happening in that exact moment so they need multiple cameras on standby for when they are ready
TV DRAMA :
Tv Dramas may use multi-camera production as there are multiple scenes in the show and they need capture it all
Youtube Vlog :
For a Youtube vlog you would only need one camera (single camera production) as you would be following the subject on their journey and if you were to have multiple cameras they would get in the way of the vlog or be in each others shots
Soaps UK and Sitcom :
For these types of shows you would use a multi-camera production as you would need to take multiple shots at the same time and you will need to be in different scenes at the same time so having more cameras makes the most sense to cap
Music Videos:
For music you would use multiple camera production because typically in music video you have multiple people in the same shot or groups of people huddled together and then when it cchanges scene the other cameras can catch what is being shown
Advertisement :
With advertisement you wont need a large set of cameras or multiple. With advertisement all you need is one camera because there is only 1 thing being advertised (the subject) so you can have the same camera but just shooting from different angles.
Sports Events :
For something like a sports event you will need to have multiple cameras on things like the goals, the keepers the players and the players feet etc, there is so much going on there that not just a single camera could capture it all so you would need multiple cameras set up at different stations to capture everything that the other cameras cannot capture.
MOVEMENTS
Tracking : Camera moving in or out, left or right following a subject's movement (Dollying)
ZOOMING: Camera lens moving in or out of the subject. The lens move but the camera remains stationary
Tiltting: The camera remains and only moves up and down
Panning: Camera moves from left to right only
Steadicam: Camera follows a subject while attached to a operator.
Handheld: The camera is not mounted and has a jerky action
FRAMING
Extreme Long shot :The camera focus' on the location and there is no subject
Long shot:The camera is focused on the persons whole body
Medium long shot:The camera is showing the body from the knees up
Mid Shot :The camera is on the whole torso from head to waist
Medium close-up :The camera is on the subjects head to chest
Close-up:The camera is on the subjects head to shoulders
Extreme close up:The camera is focused on specific parts of the people framed.
ANGLES/SHOTS
bIRDS eye:Shots taken from above
Worms eye:Shots taken from below
High/Low angle: A shot taken at any angle
Canted angle:an unbalanced camera where it is placed in an unorthodx angle
Wide angle:A shot taken from a distance
Two shots: A shot taken at eye level that frames 2 subjects in the same place
OVER THE SHOULDER: A shot taken from behind a subject
POINT OF VIEW: A shot taken from the victims line of sight allowing to see what the subjects sees
Establishing shot:A shot taken from an extreme distance
Focus
Focus is the process of capturing your subject in crisp,sharp image.
Whether using manual focus or auto focus controls on your camera, there is no fixing an out-of-focus photo (even using the very best software)
Aperture
Aperture is the opening of the lens, when you hit the cameras shutter release button, a hole opens up that allows your cameras image sensor to catch a glimpse of the scene you're capturing. The aperture you set impacts the size of that hole. The larger the hole = more light enters - The smaller the hole = less light enters
F - 22
F - 18
F - 14
F - 11
F-5.6
F - 9.0
F-4.5
F-7.1
F-3.5
F-2.8
F-2.2
F - 1.8
Shutter Speed
Shutter Speed is the amount of time the shutter is open for. In digital photography and digital video shutter speed is the length of time that you image sensor sees the scene you're attempting to capture
ISO
Focal Length
One of the most common uses for zoom lenses is to zoom in on objects that are far away. While this flexibility might seem tempting for getting close to awkward objects, there is another benefit of zoom lenses when taking portraits in front of a vast spread of scenery
Learning Aim A
Core Assessment
Soaps
As the scene opens and the video plays we are hit with a single media production shot,
The shot contains a medium close up of the subject who is in full focus and the background characters are in less focus this means that the person in focus is the most important person at the time and all eyes should be on him while the background characters are not as important in that time.
To achieve this focused and un-focusedness they have used aperture (an F – 4.5) they use this because the characters in the back are not completely useless or unimportant as they are shown to be and I see this by the way the the camera does a straight cut and presents us with a wide medium close up of shot of the 3 people who were at the back in the previous clip and this time they are now in focused and are presented with dialogue.
As the subjects dialogue closes they ask for a peaceful day and are then presented with quite the opposite as a loud and obnoxious pizza delivery guy comes through the door as the man asks for the people it cuts to them and we are shown a reaction shot and their reaction is confusion as they don’t know who has ordered a pizza.
In the next scene we are shown the 2 men arguing about the pizza and we are shown an over the shoulder shot from one if the people behind the bar.
As the situation is getting worse and the tension tightens between the 2 arguing there is a transition/panning motion when the bar keeper turns his head to look at the pizza guy.
The gender shown here is seen as unbalance and I know because when the lady wanted to speak the pizza guy took her for a crazy person with a screw loose or learning difficulties.
The mode of address when the pizza man comes back and says freeze presents to us he is very annoyed as his face is screwed and has a very harsh tone/demeanour
In the next scene they are seen out side with everyone surrounded trying to sort out what is going on as the pizza guy motorbike as just been stolen and we are presented with a two shot and a high angle where the man in the shirt is looking down at the short man so it kind of shows he has sense of dominance and we see this when the man steps in and points at him we see the pizza guy is kind of intimidated and proceeds to step back.
The scene cross cuts into a boy stealing keys and then it jumps cuts with him with an old man selling the stolen back the man the proceeds to talk to the boy trying to bribe him and tells him to keep it between them.
in Red Velvet (Peek-A-Boo)' he video starts off (0:03) with a establishing wide angle shot with the camera attached to the operator using
multi-camera production so because it then leads into to an establishing shot. They need to use 2 camera to capture the different angles, the first angle was from the front and the other one is from the back this gives them a dramatic staring into the
distance and that creates slight tension to the audience on what they are going to do next as everything is quiet and still as they use silence to set the scene this way and then the wide shot shows all 5 key people who will be performing and singing in this music video.
In this next scene we have an extreme long shot to show where the event or place of this is happening followed by silence and the silence is used to create tension and anticipation to what will next and then is followed by up beat music.
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At (0:30) they use single camera production to shoot a two shot to show the emotion and violence of the scene as the bloodshed and cutting of people and that creates an uneasy feeling in the audience along with a sense of confusion to what is going on and that further intrigues the viewers.
The video carry's on to the subjects putting items like emeralds diamonds
or ruby's on a pizza and these jewels are seen as very valuable but they
putting it on a pizza which is not as valuable as the items that are on it
at to top it all off they add a giant diamond in the center
this is suggesting that they are a lot of valuable items so much for that matter
that they can afford it to dirty it and put it on a pizza showing their wealth
and to take this shot they have used birds eye view to capture every thing that is being piled onto the pizza the jewel and the subject are in the greatest focus here and the back ground is blurry to give them the spotlight and make them the main focus that means they have used an aperture of F-2.8 to successfully achieve this blur.
The scene is followed by an long shot to capture everyone inside the scene and the fact that in almost every scene so far there is 2 or more people in the scene this shows a sense of unity as it conveys that their relationship is sword because they are either in pairs or in a group as it switches to that scene i notice that it does a straight cut going from a medium-close up to the long shot
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In the next scene they are seen walking out of their rooms with the main subject being in focus and everyone one else in the background being out of focus judging by the image it looks like they have used an aperture of F - 2.2 to achieve this but then a in the next clip in the same scene the focus then switches to one of the subjects in the back making her in focus and everything else blurry. They have used Focal length (Lens 18) to zoom in to the subject and aperture to make only1subject in focus
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The following scene presented quick cuts in quick succession (Match of action) showing a variety of different shots for example: Zooming and Long shot.
Tracking with Steadicam is also used when the camera is following the subjects legs and movements and then the scene finishes with an establishing shot but then quickly picks up the paste again
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by opening with a long shot to capture everyone in the frame now
after all the hyper and quickness of the quick cuts making the viewer
enticed in the music video it being to slow down and go back to the
same rhythm as it was in the beginning.
The scene opens with a mid shot and the subject reading a news paper and then it cuts into a longshot. As the subject shoots an arrow at the camera there is a dissolve effect making it look like the arrow passed through the camera giving us that 'wow' sense and it makes the people viewing the video feel involved or immersed as the subject is breaking the 4th wall (direct address) by shooting it at the camera. Then it proceeds to do quick cuts of different subjects doing like a solo the subject makes a phone call for this guy to come over and then the shot switches to a birds eye view which is showing us all the stairs she had showing how wealthy the subject is.
The Following scene over from the shot we are addressed with a
two shot and them shooting things to where they are looking at,
The camera pans over to where they are looking at (eyeline match)
and it happens not once but twice.
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At 2:03 they use a series of close up quick cuts to go with the beat/momentum of the song to make it more clean. they have a man tied up and blind folded so it looks like the guy from when the subject made the phone call was the same guy getting kidnapped while he is being forced it eat something that looks like jelly they walk off in slow motion this gives the audience the impression that they have done what they needed to do and its giving a satisficed impression. the music video ends off the same way it started with the establishing wide angle shot.
As the video opens and begins to start we are presented with a time-lapse and we see this as it quickly goes from night time to day time in a few seconds which means the have spent a long time outside trying to record the day going by. They also open up with a long shot and tilting as the camera gradually goes the subject is presented to perform such actions they would need the shutter speed
open at all time to make sure the light comes
in and they can capture everything that is being shown for long periods of time In these the next scene we are hit with multiple cuts and
one of them showing a birds eye view of the whole area which
is
commonly used by documentaries so that we
have a good understanding of where these plants are trying to
grow the video uses iconography yo help people understand
and learn where these videos are taking place and how they
are being told that (NVC) is the red busses, the red busses
represent how we are in London so whenever people see these
red busses they know that this video/event is taking place in
London they also show the plants when they zoom in deeper and how hard it is for them then shows us a series of quick cuts showing us the how the plants are growing they are showing us with a time-lapse so us as the audience do not have to go through several hours of watching it grow. They also use an aperture of (F-1.8) to achieve this blue and make the plant in full focus and shows us from a worms eye angle how the plants are growing and adapting to its environment
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In another scene it shows us multiple different shots of plants and flowers and as its showing us they are panning to the left and right to show us everything that plants have the offer and what should be shown when wanting to look at the plant
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Trend-Z
Location Recce
Shot list
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Here is my trend-z log where we have done our logs